Table of Contents
In modern manufacturing, cnc router machines have become powerful tools for precision machining in many enterprises due to their high precision, efficiency, and flexibility. However, improper use can not only affect processing quality, but may also lead to safety accidents. Therefore, it is crucial to understand and follow the usage precautions of cnc router machines. This article will elaborate on these key points to help users fully utilize equipment performance and ensure the smooth progress of the production process.
1.Preparation work before operation
（1). Environmental inspection
cnc router machines have certain requirements for the working environment. The equipment should be placed in a dry, well ventilated, and temperature appropriate location, avoiding direct sunlight and humid environments. Excessive or insufficient temperature may lead to a decrease in the performance of electronic components in the device, affecting engraving accuracy; A humid environment can easily cause electrical short circuits and damage equipment. At the same time, the work area should be kept clean, avoiding the accumulation of debris, and ensuring that operators have sufficient activity space for operation and emergency evacuation.
（2）. Equipment inspection
1. Mechanical component inspection: Before starting u, carefully inspect the various mechanical components of the engraving machine, such as guide rails, screws, transmission belts, etc. Check if there are any foreign objects blocking the guide rail, if the screw is well lubricated, and if the drive belt is loose or worn. If any problems are found, they should be cleaned, lubricated or replaced in a timely manner to ensure the smoothness of mechanical transmission and avoid carving errors or equipment damage caused by mechanical failures.
2. Electrical system inspection: Check whether the electrical circuit is firmly connected, and whether there is any damage or aging phenomenon. Special attention should be paid to the connection of plugs and sockets to prevent electrical accidents caused by poor contact. At the same time, check whether the grounding of the equipment is good. Good grounding is an important measure to ensure the safe operation of the equipment and the personal safety of the operators. If the grounding is poor, the equipment may generate static electricity during operation, and even pose a risk of electric shock.
3. Tool inspection: Choosing the appropriate tool is the key to ensuring the quality of engraving. Select the type, specification, and material of the cutting tool according to the processing materials and process requirements. Check for wear, cracks, or damage to the cutting tools. If there are any issues with the tools, they should be replaced promptly. When installing cutting tools, it is important to ensure that they are firmly installed to avoid loosening or falling off during the carving process, which can cause safety accidents and machining quality issues.
（3）. Material preparation
Prepare suitable materials according to the processing task. Ensure that the size, thickness, and material of the material meet the processing requirements. When clamping materials, it is necessary to choose a suitable clamping method to ensure that the material is firmly clamped and the position is accurate. If the material clamping is not firm, the material may move during the carving process, causing carving errors and even damaging the cutting tools and equipment; If the clamping position is not accurate, it will affect the machining accuracy and product quality.
2 .Precautions during operation
（1） Programming and Parameter Setting
1. Correct programming: The cnc router machine controls the tool’s motion trajectory and processing parameters through programming instructions. Programmers should be familiar with CNC programming knowledge and write accurate machining programs based on machining drawings and process requirements. During the programming process, attention should be paid to the selection of coordinate systems, planning of tool paths, and setting of machining parameters to avoid programming errors that may lead to machining errors.
2. Reasonably set parameters: Processing parameters include spindle speed, feed rate, cutting depth, etc. The setting of these parameters directly affects the processing quality and efficiency. When setting parameters, comprehensive consideration should be given to factors such as material hardness, tool material and size. Generally speaking, materials with higher hardness require lower feed rates and higher spindle speeds; When the tool diameter is large, the cutting depth can be appropriately increased. Reasonable parameter settings can not only ensure machining quality, but also extend tool life and equipment service life.
（2） Safe operation
1. Wear protective equipment: Operators must wear necessary protective equipment such as safety goggles, earplugs, helmets, etc. when operating cnc router machines. Protective goggles can prevent the splashing of debris generated during the processing from injuring the eyes; Earplugs can reduce the damage to hearing caused by the noise generated during device operation; A safety helmet can protect the head in case of accidents.
2. Prohibited illegal operations: During the operation of the equipment, it is strictly prohibited to bring hands or other parts of the body close to moving parts, such as cutting tools, guide rails, etc. It is strictly prohibited to clean, adjust or repair the equipment before it stops running. At the same time, operators are not allowed to leave their work posts without authorization and should always pay attention to the operation status of the equipment in order to promptly detect and handle abnormal situations.
3. Emergency situation handling: cnc router machines should be equipped with an emergency stop button, and operators should be familiar with the location and usage of the emergency stop button. In case of emergency situations such as equipment failure, tool damage, or accidents, the emergency stop button should be immediately pressed to stop the operation of the equipment, and then corresponding measures should be taken for handling.
（3） Equipment operation monitoring
1. Observe the operation status of the equipment: During the carving process, the operator should closely observe the operation status of the equipment, including the rotation of the spindle, the cutting of the tool, the movement of the worktable, etc. Pay attention to the sound of the device during operation. If any abnormal sound or vibration is found, stop the device immediately, check the cause, and troubleshoot. For example, when the tool wear is severe, the cutting sound will change. At this time, the tool should be replaced in a timely manner to avoid affecting the machining quality.
2. Monitoring processing quality: Regularly inspect the quality of processed products to see if there are any carving errors, surface roughness that does not meet requirements, and other issues. If any machining quality issues are found, the machining parameters should be adjusted in a timely manner or the tool should be checked for wear. At the same time, attention should be paid to the material deformation during the processing. If the material deformation is too large, it may be necessary to adjust the clamping method or processing technology.
3 .Maintenance and upkeep after operation
（1） Equipment cleaning
After the carving is completed, promptly clean the surface of the equipment and the workbench of debris, dust, and other debris. Use a clean cloth to wipe the equipment to prevent debris from entering the interior and affecting its normal operation. For key parts such as the guide rail and screw of the engraving machine, specialized cleaning agents should be used for cleaning, and an appropriate amount of lubricating oil should be applied to ensure good lubrication of mechanical components and extend the service life of the equipment.
（2） Tool maintenance
Remove the used tools from the equipment and clean the cutting residue on the tool surface. For reusable cutting tools, inspection and maintenance should be carried out, such as the wear of the cutting edge of the tool. If the wear is severe, the tool should be sharpened or replaced. Store the cutting tools properly to avoid collisions and damage.
（3） Equipment inspection and maintenance
Regularly conduct comprehensive inspections and maintenance of cnc router machines, including fastening of mechanical components, inspection of electrical systems, maintenance of lubrication systems, etc. Check whether the various performance indicators of the equipment are normal, such as engraving accuracy, spindle speed, etc. If any problems are found with the equipment, timely maintenance and adjustment should be carried out to ensure that the equipment is always in good operating condition.
In short, the correct use and maintenance of cnc router machines are key to ensuring processing quality, improving production efficiency, and ensuring the safety of operators. By strictly adhering to the preparation work before operation, precautions during operation, and maintenance requirements after operation, users can fully leverage the advantages of cnc router machines and create greater value for the enterprise. In the process of using cnc router machines, constantly accumulating experience, continuously improving operation methods and maintenance measures will help enhance the performance and stability of the equipment, and promote the high-quality development of the manufacturing industry.